LABOUR QUALITY SHOULD BE IMPROVED TO SHARPEN COMPETITIVENESS

Along with the development of economy, labour demand generally increases in all types of businesses and services. According to the statistics of the MOLISA, in 2015 the demand for labour in business sector increased by about 360,000 people (up 3.27 percent) compared to 2014, bringing the total number of workers employed in the country up to 12.3 million. It is expected that by the end of 2015 the percentage of waged workers on the total of employed of around 40 percent.
 
Labour supply, in general throughout the country is still abundant. In Quarter III/2015, labour force in the working age is estimated at 54.31 million (representing 76.01 percent of the population aged 15 or more). Entering Quarter IV/ 2015 this figure is estimated at 54.43 million (representing 76.11 percent of the population aged 15 and over); along with raising the percentage of workers with jobs, the unemployment rate also continued to decline. As of Quarter IV/2015, the unemployment rate was only 2.38 percent. Structure of urban workers increased slightly, accounting for 30.5 percent.
 
According to figures from published newsletter, in Quarter II/2015 the country had 52.53 million people employed, up by 103,000 people compared to the previous quarter. The Labour movement from rural to urban areas tends to decrease. The number of workers employed in urban areas is about 15.73 million, decreased 663,000 people compared to the first quarter, making the proportion of employment in urban areas fell from 31.26 percent in Quarter I/2015 to 29.94 percent in Quarter II/2015. However, workers with jobs in rural areas increased in Quarter II / 2015 when the region had 36.81 million people employed, up by 766,000 people compared to Quarter I / 2015, making the proportion of employed people in rural areas increased from 68.74 percent in Quarter I / 2015 to 70.06 percent in Quarter II / 2015.
 
Specifically, the areas having the most increasing workforce are: processing, manufacturing increased by 223,000 people; information and communication 178,000 people; construction 113,000 people; commerce and repair 77,000 people; hired labour for household and household economy 25,000 people. The sectors having the most reduced Labour force are: education and training sector decreased by 181,000 people; agriculture, forestry and fisheries 114,000 people; social and political organizations, defense and security 98,000 people; transport, warehousing 84,000 people. The share of waged employment in total employment continues to rise in Quarter II / 2015 reaches 38.81 percent. Despite slight fluctuations in the proportion of self-employed workers (decrease) Labour and unpaid family workers (increase), overall proportion of vulnerable employment in total employment has remained high (57.09 percent).
 
On average income of salaried employment in Quarter II/ 2015 decreased by VND435,000 (8.9 percent) from the previous quarter in which women workers have a lower income, but the reduction is higher than with male workers (corresponding to VND334,000 and 576,000 respectively). The Labour force employed in state enterprises had the highest average monthly salary (VND6.15 million / person), the labour force working in the cooperative sector having lowest income levels (VND2.84 million).
 
According to Mr Doan Mau Diep, Deputy Minister of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs, in Quarter II / 2015 the biggest bright spot is the rise of the economy has led to lower Labour pressure. Employment in the processing sector rose, but labourers in agriculture, forestry and fishery declined. Many of the programs are implemented effectively, such as: Over 90,000 workers are exported, exceeding the target by 2015, unemployment support policies have been put into practice.
 
Deputy Minister Doan Mau Diep said, after December 31, 2015, the first 8 sectors will be prioritized to move freely within ASEAN are: accountants, architects, engineers, dentists, doctors, nurses, transport and tourism employees. This will put pressure on the labour market of Vietnam when joining the TPP and ASEAN Economic Community. The drawback of Vietnam’s labour force is low-skilled, this would be very difficult to compete directly with foreign labour.
 
So the deputy minister stressed Vietnam should focus on improving the quality of human resources; better organizing the labour market; providing information on employment for workers; mastering labour structure to have adjustment and reducing the unemployment rate to prepare for the accession process of ASEAN Community by the end of 2015.

Source: VCCI